Locking finger for a unit for molding containers made of thermoplastic material

ABSTRACT

A locking finger for a molding unit, the molding unit comprising a cavity for molding the container that is at least defined by a first shell fixed on a first mold holder and by a second shell fixed on a second mold holder that can move relative to the first mold holder between an open position and a closed position, the first mold holder comprising a component for controlling the locking finger and the second mold holder comprising a locking opening, the locking finger including an interface for mechanically coupling to the control component, and a locking portion designed to engage with the locking opening in the closed position. The locking portion comprises an anti-friction composite material.

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a locking device for a unit for moldingcontainers made of thermoplastic material.

STATE OF THE ART

The invention relates more particularly to a locking device for a unitfor molding containers made of thermoplastic material comprising lockingmeans which comprise at least one locking finger.

As a nonlimiting example, the document FR-2.646.802 describes an exampleof such a locking device for a container molding unit, in particular formolding bottles.

From the state of the art, it is known practice to provide a lubricationof the locking fingers of such a locking device of a molding unit inorder notably to reduce the frictions that occur during locking andconsequently the associated wear phenomena.

The lubrication of the locking fingers is performed by applying a pastyor liquid lubricant thereto, such as grease or oil, but such alubrication presents drawbacks.

The lubrication first of all requires the manufacturing of containers tobe stopped to allow for the intervention of an operator, and with a moreor less significant frequency.

The lubrication therefore has economic consequences, the down time isall the greater when the number of molding units is high, for examplebetween 20 and 40 units on some so-called rotary blowing machines.

The lubrication is then the source of “soiling” of the containermanufacturing environment.

In fact, sprays of lubricant occur notably under the effect ofcentrifugal force when the molding units equip a rotary blowing machine.

Now, there is generally a search to maintain an ever cleaner containermanufacturing environment as evidenced by the many means deployed fromthe aeraulic protection of the environment to decontaminationoperations, in particular of the container filling unit.

In the state of the art, the locking means and more particularly thelocking fingers, are primarily made of steel or steel alloys.

The metal materials such as steel are, for the person skilled in theart, the only materials that have mechanical properties, notably ofstrength, that are sufficient given the significant forces to which thelocking means are subjected in the transformation of a preform into acontainer by blow-molding or by stretch-blow-molding in the mold of amolding unit. In fact, the blowing pressures are generally between 20and 40 bar, the pressure varying as a function of the applications.

That is why the person skilled in the art has sought to remedy thedrawbacks associated with the lubrication by seeking surface treatmentsthat can be implemented on metal materials such as the steel used forthe manufacturing of the locking fingers.

Surface treatments of the metal locking fingers have thus been provided,in particular the treatment of “DLC” type, DLC being the acronym for“Diamond-Like Carbon”.

Such a treatment with carbonized materials consists generally inobtaining, on the outside of the locking fingers, a coating in the formof thin layers deposited by vacuum deposition technologies and intendedto improve the properties thereof, notably to reduce frictions and/orincrease wear resistance.

Such a “DLC” treatment is not however satisfactory, on the one hand,because lubrication remains necessary (even if the frequency thereof isreduced) and, on the other hand, because such a treatment isparticularly costly.

Furthermore, it is difficult to accurately control the dimensions of thelocking fingers that have a coating of “DLC” type, which coating is alsoparticularly brittle, notably to impacts.

That is why a solution other than the surface treatments, such as the“DLC” treatment, of the locking fingers, is sought.

The applicant has thus proposed producing the locking fingers inpolyetheretherketone or “PEEK”, that is to say a thermoplastic materialand no longer a metal material such as steel.

However, such a solution does not give full satisfaction. Indeed, theuse of such a locking finger made of PEEK is limited to applications forwhich the blowing pressure does not exceed a pressure of the order of 25bar.

Such applications correspond generally to the manufacturing ofcontainers that have small thickness, notably bottles such as those usedfor packaging nongaseous liquid products such as water.

Thus, the locking fingers made of “PEEK” cannot be used for allapplications.

Consequently, there is still and always a need to find a solution thatalso allows for a use of the locking fingers whatever the applications,notably the applications for which the blowing pressure is greater than25 bar, typically of the order of 30 to 40 bar, or for molding units oflarge dimensions, generating shear forces on the locking fingers thatare very high for one and the same blowing pressure.

The aim of the present invention is notably to resolve theabovementioned drawbacks of the state of the art and to propose asolution that makes it possible to eliminate the lubrication of thelocking fingers, in particular while resisting wear in industrialmachines for molding containers by blow-molding or stretch-blow-molding.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a locking fingerfor a molding unit, the molding unit comprising a container moldingcavity delimited at least by a first shell fixed onto a firstmold-holder and by a second shell fixed onto a second mold-holder thatcan move relative to the first mold-holder between an open position anda closed position, the first mold-holder comprising a member forcontrolling the locking finger and the second mold-holder comprising alocking opening,

the locking finger comprising:

-   -   an interface for mechanically coupling to the control member,        and    -   a locking portion designed to cooperate with the locking opening        in closed position,

wherein the locking portion comprises an anti-friction compositematerial.

The inventor has reported that the composite material made it possibleto obtain a very high shear and impact strength with a good resistanceto wear and the low friction coefficient, and do so despite the verymuch smaller thicknesses than that provided by the mechanical resistanceof an anti-friction material when it is on its own. This advantageouscombination provides, in the context of the molding units, a surprisingeffect of allowing a very good dimensional stability notably because ofthe small thickness of the composite materials required.

In a first embodiment of the invention according to the first aspect,the locking finger is a subassembly of several mechanical parts rigidlyassembled with one another, including:

-   -   a main body of the finger comprising the mechanical coupling        interface, and    -   said locking portion which is a main sleeve assembled on the        main body.

In a second embodiment of the invention according to the first aspect,said locking portion and the mechanical coupling interface both comprisean anti-friction composite material.

The second embodiment according to the first aspect of the invention canoptionally notably have the following features taken in isolation or incombination:

-   -   the locking portion is a part of a block made of composite        material, which block also comprises the coupling interface,    -   the finger comprises at least one insert mounted in the part,        notably to increase the shear strength thereof.

According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a locking fingerfor a molding unit, the molding unit comprising a container moldingcavity delimited at least by a first shell fixed onto a firstmold-holder and by a second shell fixed onto a second mold-holder thatcan move relative to the first mold-holder between an open position anda closed position, the first mold-holder comprising a member forcontrolling the locking finger and the second mold-holder comprising alocking opening,

the locking finger comprising:

-   -   an interface for mechanically coupling with the control member,        and    -   a locking portion designed to cooperate with the locking opening        in closed position,

the finger being a subassembly of several mechanical parts rigidlyassembled with one another, including:

-   -   a main body of the finger comprising the mechanical coupling        interface, and    -   said locking portion which is a main sleeve made of        anti-friction material assembled on the main body.

The inventor has reported that the fact that the portion of the finger(cooperating with the locking opening of the adverse mold door) is asolid sleeve made of anti-friction material providing the surprisingeffect of, not only avoiding the use of liquid or pasty lubricants, but,in addition, reducing wear because it allows for a better dimensionalstability of the locking finger as a whole, in the industrial context ofblow-molding machines.

The fact of having a locking finger composed of a sleeve surrounding amain body makes it possible to dedicate the design of the sleeve to thewear resistance and to offer a low friction coefficient, and to dedicatethe design of the main body to the impact strength and to the shearforces. The particular “sleeve on main body” arrangement makes itpossible to obtain a good dimensional stability that the anti-frictionmaterials on their own do not offer when made of a single piece, andthat they also do not offer when they are solely surface deposited.

In a particular embodiment of the invention according to this secondaspect, the main sleeve can comprise an anti-friction compositematerial.

Each of the embodiments according to the first or second aspect of theinvention can optionally have the following features taken in isolationor in combination:

-   -   said composite material is a composite material with fibers in        which fibers are embedded in a matrix of plastic material.        -   said matrix of plastic material comprises            polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and/or polyetherimide (PEI),    -   said fibers are glass fibers or carbon fibers, preferably with a        30% or 40% fiber filling,    -   the composite material is a laminated composite material        comprising at least one fabric impregnated with at least one        thermosetting resin; preferably, the laminated composite        material comprises one or more of the special fabrics, notably        in the form of a filament winding,    -   the composite material comprises at least one solid lubricant,    -   the locking finger comprises at least one internal recess which        extends over at least a part of the finger so as to reduce the        weight thereof.    -   the main body of the finger is made of metal, in particular of        steel or a steel alloy,    -   the main sleeve is disposed at a top end of the locking finger,        the locking finger comprising an auxiliary sleeve made of        composite material, disposed at a bottom end of the locking        finger,    -   the mechanical coupling interface comprises an internal sleeve        made of composite material, disposed in an orifice of the main        body of the locking finger,    -   said main sleeve and/or said auxiliary sleeve, and/or said        internal sleeve have, before assembly with the main body, a        solid tubular part,    -   said main sleeve and/or said auxiliary sleeve, and/or said        internal sleeve are force-fitted or fixed by gluing,    -   said main sleeve and/or said auxiliary sleeve, and/or said        internal sleeve (48) have a chamfer,    -   the composite material has a low friction coefficient by virtue        of which all the operations of lubrication of the locking        device, notably of the locking means, are eliminated,    -   the composite material used for said at least one sleeve is        ORKOT® (registered trademark) marketed by the company        Trelleborg. In a nonlimiting manner, ORKOT® is for example        chosen from the grades C301 or even C410.    -   the static friction coefficient of the composite material of        said at least one sleeve is less than 0.20, for example of the        order of 0.10 for grade C410 ORKOT®,    -   the dynamic friction coefficient of the composite material of        said at least one sleeve is less than 0.15, for example of the        order of 0.05 for grade C410 ORKOT®,    -   the control member comprises a roller.

By definition, the composite material is a material formed by severalindividual components, the association of which confers on allproperties that none of the components taken separately possesses.

Advantageously, the composite material is a composite material withfibers, that is to say a material in which fibers are embedded in amatrix formed by a plastic material, generally less resistant than thefibers but exhibiting other properties such as a low frictioncoefficient.

By comparison with the state of the art, the interventions forlubrication of the locking fingers are totally eliminated, by virtue ofwhich any soiling of the container manufacturing environment by sprayedlubricant is notably eliminated.

Advantageously, also eliminated are the costs associated with saidpreviously necessary lubrication interventions, from the costsassociated with the stopping of manufacturing to the costs of labor andthe purchase costs of the lubricants.

Advantageously, the composite material employed for the manufacturing ofsaid at least one sleeve of the locking finger is a laminated compositematerial which comprises at least one fabric impregnated with at leastone thermosetting resin and at least one solid lubricant, said laminatedcomposite material being, for example, ORKOT®.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Other features and advantages of the present invention will becomeapparent on reading the following detailed description, for anunderstanding of which reference will be made to the drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a three-quarter perspective view which represents an exemplaryembodiment of a locking device of a container molding unit in closedposition and which illustrates locking fingers of such a devicecomprising at least one sleeve according to the teachings of theinvention;

FIG. 2 is a front view which represents the container molding unitaccording to FIG. 1 and which illustrates the locking fingers of thedevice in locked position;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view which represents the locking device ofthe container molding unit on a cutting plane C that can be seen in FIG.1 and which illustrates, as in FIG. 2, the locking fingers of saiddevice in locked position;

FIG. 4 is a front view which represents the container molding unitaccording to FIG. 1 and which illustrates the locking fingers of thedevice in unlocked position;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view which represents the locking device ofthe container molding unit on a cutting plane C that can be seen in FIG.1 and which illustrates, as in FIG. 4, the locking fingers of saiddevice in unlocked position;

FIGS. 6 and 7 are, respectively, a front view and a cross-sectional viewon a median vertical plane VII-VII of transverse orientation illustratedin FIG. 8, the views representing a locking finger for a locking devicesuch as that of FIG. 1 which is coated with at least a main sleeve, anauxiliary sleeve and comprises an internal sleeve;

FIGS. 8 and 9 are, respectively, a side view and a cross-sectional viewon a median vertical plane IX-IX of longitudinal orientation illustratedin FIG. 6, of a locking finger according to FIGS. 6 and 7 which issleeved here by said top, bottom and internal sleeves made of compositematerial, and

FIGS. 10 to 13 are, respectively, a side view and a cross-sectionalview, respectively on a median vertical plane XI-XI of longitudinalorientation illustrated in FIG. 12, and a median vertical planeXIII-XIII of longitudinal orientation illustrated on FIG. 10, of alocking finger whose main body is made of composite material equippedwith an insert.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Hereinafter in the description, the longitudinal, vertical andtransverse orientations will, in a nonlimiting manner, be adopted withreference to the trihedron (L, V, T) represented in the figures.

By convention, the longitudinal and transverse lines are determinedfixedly relative to the mold-holders of a molding unit such that theopen or closed position occupied has no impact on said orientations.

Also, in a nonlimiting manner, the terms “front” and “rear” will be usedwith reference to the longitudinal orientation, as will the terms “top”and “bottom” with reference to the vertical orientation and finally“left” or “right” and “internal” or “external” with reference to thetransverse orientation.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a locking device 10 for a unit100 for molding containers made of thermoplastic material.

As is known, such a molding unit 100 is intended to be mounted on acarousel of a container manufacturing machine (not represented) ofrotary type.

As a variant, the container manufacturing machine is of linear type.

The molding unit 100 then constitutes one of the molding stations of themachine which comprises a series of “n” molding units, distributedangularly at regular intervals around the carousel of the machine.

Each molding unit 100 comprises a mold for manufacturing containers byblow-molding or by stretch-blow-molding and from hot preforms made ofthermoplastic material.

For this, the molding unit 100 comprises blow-molding orstretch-blow-molding means (not represented), and reference will forexample be made to the document FR-2.764.544 for more complete detailson such means.

The molding unit 100 for forming containers made of thermoplasticmaterial by blow-molding comprises the abovementioned locking device 10,and a container molding cavity delimited at least by a first shell fixedonto a first mold-holder 110 and by a second shell fixed onto a secondmold-holder 111. The second mold-holder 111 can move relative to thefirst mold-holder 110 between an open position and a closed position.The molding unit 100 is represented in FIG. 1, with the firstmold-holder 110 illustrated on the right and the second mold-holder 111illustrated on the left of the figures.

Preferably, the molding unit 100 is supported by a console intended tobe fixed onto a frame of the molding machine.

More specifically, the mold-holders 110, 111 are constructed in the formof two supporting structures mounted to pivot about an axis O ofrotation, the axis O of rotation extending here vertically according tothe trihedron (L, V, T).

Each mold-holder 110 comprises articulation means (not visible) arrangedat the rear, along the longitudinal line, of the molding unit 100.

Preferably, the mold-holders 110, 111 can be separated mutually from oneanother by pivoting about the axis O of rotation respectively betweensaid open and closed positions.

Because of this kinematic of the mold-holders 110, 111, a molding unit100 of this type is also called a “book-like opening” mold.

As a nonlimiting example, reference will be made to the documentFR-2.843.714 which notably describes control means for controlling theopening/closing of a molding unit 100 of this type.

The locking device 10 of the molding unit 100 comprises at least onemember 12 for controlling the locking means 14 of the mold-holders 110,111.

The locking device 10 is arranged longitudinally in the front part, i.e.opposite the axis O of rotation and the means of the device foropening/closing the molding unit 100.

The locking device 10 is intended to ensure a locking of the twomold-holders 110, 111 in closed position in order to keep the moldingunit 100 closed when the container is being manufactured by blow-moldingor by stretch-blow-molding of a preform.

In the exemplary embodiment, the locking device 10 comprises twohalf-locks, respectively of male type and of female type, which areassociated with the mold-holders 110, 111 and which can cooperatemutually to keep the molding unit 100 in closed position.

The function of the locking device 10 is to prohibit any opening of themold-holders 110, 111 so as to keep the parts of the mold perfectlyjoined, in particular during blow-molding or stretch-blow-moldingtransformation operations.

The locking means 14 comprise a first half-lock secured to the firstmold-holder 110, and a second half-lock secured to the secondmold-holder 111. The half-locks each comprise at least one protrudingbranch, preferably here single branches 16 for the half-lock of thesecond mold-holder 111 on the left and double branches 18 for thehalf-lock of the first mold-holder 110 on the right.

The respective branches 16, 18 of the half-locks are directedtransversely toward one another and are mutually offset vertically sothat, in closed position as illustrated in FIG. 1, said branches 16 and18 are juxtaposed, here interpenetrate.

Thus, each branch 16 is received between the two branches 18 which arepositioned vertically above and below.

Each of the branches 18 of the half-lock of male type supports a lockingfinger 20 that slides in the vertical direction.

In other words, each of the locking fingers 20 is secured to the firstmold-holder 110 and, for each locking finger 20, said locking means 14comprise a locking opening 22 secured to the second mold-holder 111 andassociated with said locking finger 20.

Each branch 16 of the half-lock of female type comprises a lockingopening 22 which, extending vertically, passes through said branch 16 atits free end and each branch 18 of the half-lock of male type comprisesa guiding opening 24 which, extending vertically, passes through saidbranch 18 at its free end.

In closed position as illustrated in FIG. 1, the openings 22 and 24 ofsaid branches 16 and 18 are aligned in the vertical direction in orderfor the locking fingers 20 to be able to pass through them.

The locking device 10 here comprises a total number of four lockingfingers 20, and, in a variant that is not represented, three lockingfingers 20.

The locking device 10 comprises driving means 26 which are linked indisplacement, here by sliding, to the locking fingers 20.

The locking means 14 are mounted to be movable between at least a lockedposition and an unlocked position. More specifically, the locking means14 comprise a movable part formed by said locking fingers 20 and a fixedpart formed by the branches 16 and 18 comprising said openings 22 and24.

Advantageously, each locking finger 20 is secured to a link arm 28 whichis itself secured in displacement to the driving means 26.

The sliding of the driving means 26 is controlled by the control member12, respectively between the locked position (high position) representedin FIGS. 1 to 3, and the unlocked position (low position) represented inFIGS. 4 and 5.

Preferably, the control member 12 is formed by a roller which is securedto the driving means 26. The driving means 26 are, for example, composedof a shaft which extends vertically.

In the exemplary embodiment, the locking means 14 of the locking device10 of the molding unit 100 are mounted to be movable between at least alocked position in which the mold-holders 110, 111 of the molding unit100 are kept in closed position by said locking means 14, and anunlocked position in which the mold-holders 110 are free to be separatedfrom the closed position to the open position.

FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate the locking means 14 of the locking device 10in locked position whereas FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate them in unlockedposition.

The control member 12 composed of the roller is intended to cooperatewith cam means which, being complementary, can control the locking means14 of the locking device 10 between said locked and unlocked positions.

In a variant that is not represented, the locking device 10 can compriseelastic return means which can automatically return the locking means 14to one of said positions, advantageously to the locked position.

The elastic return means are, for example, formed by a return springthrough which the shaft forming the driving means 26 passes centrallyand which bears at one of its ends on a plate and at the other end on asupport fixed to the driving means 26 and bearing the control member 12.

Advantageously, the molding unit 100 comprises a blocking mechanism 30which is associated with the locking device 10.

Such a blocking mechanism 30 is notably but not exclusively used whenthe locking device 10 comprises such elastic return means of the lockingmeans 14.

The blocking mechanism 30 is then intended to allow the locking means 14to be blocked in unlocked position, said locking means 14, notably thedriving means 26, being otherwise automatically returned by the elasticreturn means to the locked position.

In the exemplary embodiment, the blocking mechanism 30 can allow thelocking means 14 to be blocked in each of the positions, respectively inlocked position and in unlocked position.

The blocking mechanism 30 is more particularly visible in thecross-sectional views of FIGS. 3 and 5 which illustrate, respectively,the locking means 14 in locked position and in unlocked position.

Advantageously, the blocking mechanism 30 comprises blocking means 32,such as a slide, which can be controlled selectively between an inactiveposition and an active blocking position in which said blocking means 32immobilize the locking means 14 in locked position or in unlockedposition.

Preferably, the blocking means 32 are returned elastically to the activeblocking position by elastic return means 34, such as a spring.

In the exemplary embodiment, the shaft forming the driving means 26comprises a notch 36 and a notch 38 which are intended to cooperate withsaid blocking means 32, respectively with the notch 36 in lockedposition and with the notch 38 in unlocked position.

For more comprehensive details on the structure and the operation of alocking device 10 comprising a blocking mechanism 30, reference will forexample be able to be made to the abovementioned document FR-2.646.802.

The rates of production of the machines for molding containers made ofthermoplastic material, such as bottles made of PET, are particularlyhigh.

In fact, depending on the number of molding units 100 of the machine andon the characteristics of the bottles being manufactured, in particulartheir content, the rates of production of the molding machines vary forexample from approximately 20 000 bph (bottles per hour) to more than 90000 bph.

Consequently, the wear resistance of the parts such as the lockingfingers 20 of the locking device 10 is particularly important toguarantee the reliability of operation of the locking means 14.

Now the stresses on the locking fingers 20 are high given the repetitionat such rates of successive locking and unlocking of each molding unit100, the molding unit 100 alternating closed position and open positionduring the cycle of production of a container such as a bottle.

This is why solutions are sought to notably reduce the friction betweeneach locking finger 20 and said openings 22, 24, that is to say, hererespectively, with the locking opening 22 of the branch 16 and theguiding openings 24 formed in the branches 18, and to do so whilelimiting wear.

In fact, wear of the locking fingers 20 is also likely to provoke theappearance of play in locked position of the locking device 10 and,thereby, a separation of the parts of the mold during the production ofthe container as well as shear forces on the finger.

Such a play can lead, in the containers manufactured by the molding unit100, to defects at the joint plane.

As explained in the preamble the solution known from the state of theart consists in periodically performing a lubrication of the lockingfingers 20 with grease or oil in order to limit friction andsubsequently the wear of the locking fingers 20.

However, such a lubrication presents many drawbacks from the soiling ofthe manufacturing environment by the lubricant used to the costsincurred by the lubrication interventions which necessitate the stoppageof production and human means, without also counting the purchasing ofthe lubrication products.

To remedy these problems, the invention proposes a novel design wherebythe locking device 14 comprises at least one locking finger 20 which isa subassembly of several mechanical parts rigidly assembled with oneanother. The finger 20 comprises in particular a body 21 of the fingerand at least a sleeve 40 made of antifriction material. Said sleevebefore assembly with the main body (21) having a solid tubular part. Inother words, the finger 20 of the invention is distinguished inparticular from a finger which would simply be coated with a lubricatingcoating, or a coating having a reduced friction coefficient. In fact,the inventor has found that, surprisingly, particularly in an atmospherewith humidity that is difficult to control, but not solely, thedimensional stability of initially precise mechanical parts iscontrolled better than a significant thickness, resistant to wear,obtained by deposition, paint or equivalent, can be controlled.

By virtue of said at least one sleeve 40 made of anti-friction compositematerial, a lubrication of the locking means 14 using grease or oil isavoided.

The composite material of said at least one sleeve is a material formedby several individual components, the combination of which confers onall properties that none of the components taken separately possesses.

According to a first example of composite material, the compositematerial is a composite material with fibers in which the fibers areembedded in a matrix formed for example by a plastic material.

A composite material with fibers is a material in which the fibers areembedded in a matrix formed by a plastic material, generally less strongthan the fibers but exhibiting other properties such as, in particular,a low friction coefficient.

The fibers can be oriented to exhibit a determined angle, notably as afunction of the loads, the fibers being, for example, oriented at anangle of 45°.

Preferably, the fibers used are glass fibers or carbon fibers toincrease its rigidity and its resistance to shear forces.

The matrix of said composite material with fibers comprisespolyetheretherketone (PEEK) or even polyetherimide (PEI).

According to an example, the composite material with fibers comprisespolyetheretherketone (PEEK) which is filled with fibers such as glassfibers or carbon fibers, notably with a fiber filling of the order of30% or 40%.

According to another example, the composite material with fiberscomprises polyetherimide (PEI) which is filled with fibers such as glassfibers or carbon fibers, notably with a fiber filling of the order of30% or 40%.

Advantageously, the composite material comprising PEI or the like isfilled with solid lubricant compounds, such as polytetrafluorethylene(PTFE) or polyphenylene sulfide (PPS).

The locking device 14 according to the example comprises four lockingfingers 20 each comprising at least one sleeve 40 made of compositematerial.

Hereinbelow, the description given for a locking finger 20 applies(unless indicated otherwise) identically for each of the fingers 20forming the locking means 14.

Advantageously, the composite material used for said at least one sleeve40 has a low friction coefficient by virtue of which the operations oflubrication of the locking device 10, notably of the locking means 14,are eliminated.

According to a second example of composite material, the compositematerial used to form said at least one sleeve is a laminated compositematerial.

Such a laminated composite material is manufactured from at least onefabric impregnated for example with at least one thermosetting resin andadvantageously comprises at least one solid lubricant.

Said at least one fabric of laminated composite material is for exampleproduced in the form of a filament winding.

As an example of such a laminated composite material for manufacturingsaid at least one sleeve, ORKOT® (registered trademark), marketed by thecompany Trelleborg, is advantageously used.

Different ORKOT® grades can be selected to manufacture said at least onesleeve, and nonlimiting examples that can be used include the ORKOT®grades C301 or C410.

ORKOT® is however only a nonlimiting example of composite material thatcan be used for said at least one sleeve.

The locking finger 20 comprises at least one sleeve 40, called topsleeve, made of composite material.

As illustrated notably in FIGS. 6 to 9, the top part of the lockingfinger 20 is coated on the outside with at least one top sleeve 40 madeof composite material.

As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 which represent the locking means 14 inlocked position, the top sleeve 40 of a locking finger 20 cooperateswith each of the openings 22 and 24 of said locking means 14.

In locked position, the top sleeve 40 of each finger 20 is received inthe locking opening 22 of the single branch 16 and in the guidingopening 24 of each of the double branches 18.

In operation, each locking finger 20 can penetrate into said openings 22and 24 when the locking means 14 are driven, here by sliding, from theunlocked position to the locked position and vice versa.

By virtue of the top sleeve 40 made of composite material chosen toexhibit a low friction coefficient, the fingers 20 can slide in theopenings 22 and 24 without it being any longer necessary to use alubrication as was the case previously.

Preferably, the top sleeve 40 made of composite material comprises atleast one chamfer 42 or any equivalent means. The chamfer 42 is producedin a top edge of the sleeve 40 and extends circumferentially.

Advantageously, the chamber 42 of the top sleeve 40 facilitates theintroduction of the free end of the locking finger 20 into said openings22 and 24 upon the locking of the molding unit 100 by the locking device10.

As illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 which represent the locking means 14 inunlocked position, said at least one locking finger 20 comprises atleast one sleeve 44, called bottom sleeve, made of composite material.

The bottom sleeve 44 is arranged on the outside of the bottom part ofthe locking finger 20.

By comparison with the top sleeve 40, the bottom sleeve 44 intervenesnot in the locked position but in the unlocked position.

In fact, and as can be more particularly be seen in the cross section ofFIG. 5 illustrating the unlocked position, the bottom sleeve 44 of thelocking finger 20 cooperates with the guiding opening 24 of that of thedouble branches 18 which, being adjacent, is situated just below.

In locked position, said opening 24 of the adjacent branch 18 cooperateswith the top part of a locking finger 20 other than that whose bottompart coated with the bottom sleeve 44 which penetrates therein inunlocked position.

Preferably, the four locking fingers 20 are identical to standardize themanufacturing thereof.

Advantageously, the four locking fingers 20 thus comprise at least onetop sleeve 40.

However, the fourth finger 20 of the locking means 14 which is thelowest, here situated alongside the control member 12, advantageouslydoes not comprise a bottom sleeve 44.

In fact, and as can notably be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5, the bottom part ofthis locking finger 20 is not received in a guiding opening 24 inunlocked position.

Advantageously, the cooperation of the bottom end of a locking finger20, here of the other three fingers 20, with a guiding opening 24, makesit possible to ensure an anti-torque function to avoid a rotation of thedriving means 26 under the effect of centrifugal force.

By virtue of the bottom sleeve 44 that the locking fingers 20 comprise,the wear of the fingers 20, whose introduction into the guiding openings24 is facilitated, is limited without having to make use of anylubrication.

The presence of the bottom part of at least one of the locking fingers20 in one of the guiding openings 24 makes it possible to retain thealignment of the locking fingers 20 along the vertical linecorresponding to the sliding between the locked and unlocked positions.

Failing the assurance of such an anti-torque function, the locking means14 are likely to be subjected to damaging loads resulting from defectsof alignment or of coaxiality of the locking fingers 20 with saidopenings 22 and 24 during locking.

In variant that is not represented, the anti-torque function is ensuredby other guiding means, distinct from the locking means 14, such thatthe locking fingers 20 are not then configured to be inserted into aguiding opening 24 in unlocked position.

In such a variant, the bottom sleeve 44 can advantageously beeliminated.

By comparison to other means likely to be used to ensure such ananti-torque function, the fact that at least one of the fingers 20 isconfigured to cooperate with a guiding opening 24 in unlocked positionoffers advantages.

In fact, such a finger 20 makes it possible to substantially limit themass carried on the molding unit 100 to ensure this anti-torque functionand thereby to reduce the problems associated with inertia duringoperation.

As is more particularly illustrated by FIG. 5, the bottom part of atleast one of the locking fingers 20 is configured to be inserted intothe opening 24 which is situated below when the locking device 10 ismaneuvered from the locked position to the unlocked position.

Advantageously, each locking finger 20 ensuring an anti-torque functioncomprises a bottom part coated on the outside with a bottom sleeve 44.

Preferably, the bottom sleeve 44 made of composite material comprises atleast one chamfer 46 or any other equivalent means.

The chamfer 46 is produced in a bottom edge of the sleeve 44 and extendscircumferentially.

Advantageously, such a chamfer 46 facilitates the introduction of thebottom sleeve 44 of the finger 20 into the guiding opening 24 duringunlocking.

The chamfer 46 of the bottom sleeve 44, like the chamfer 42 of the topsleeve 40, advantageously makes it possible to also make up, inoperation, tolerances and other slight defects of alignment between thelocking fingers 20 and the openings 22, 24 of the branches 16, 18.

Preferably, said at least one locking finger 20 also comprises anothersleeve 48, called internal sleeve, made of composite material which ishoused inside an orifice 50 of the locking finger 20.

As illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 9, the orifice 50 is situated verticallybetween the top sleeve 40 and the bottom sleeve 44 and passes throughthe locking finger 20, transversely right through.

In the example, the driving means 26 are linked in displacement to saidat least one locking finger 20 via the link arm 28, one end of which issecured to said driving means 26 and the other end of which is receivedinside said sleeve 48 made of composite material housed in the orifice50 of the locking finger 20.

Each link arm 28 is thus secured to one end of said driving means 26 andto the other end of the locking finger 20.

Advantageously, the sleeve 48 avoids a steel/steel contact between thelocking finger 20 and the link arm 28 and thereby makes it possible toeliminate any lubrication which was previously necessary at that link.

Preferably, said at least one sleeve 40, 44, 48 is force-fitted or fixedby gluing on the locking finger 20.

The locking finger 20 is preferentially made of metal, in particular ofsteel or a steel alloy.

Advantageously, the locking finger 20 has good mechanical properties, inparticular shear strength.

According to a variant that is not represented, said at least onelocking finger 20 comprises at least one recess which extends forexample inward and over all or at least a part of the finger 20 so as toreduce its mass.

Preferably, said at least one recess is produced centrally in the toppart of the locking finger 20.

By virtue of such a recess, the operation of a molding machine of rotarytype comprising such molding units 100 is improved by limiting theproblems associated with inertia and which result from the rotationaldriving speeds of the carousel necessary to achieve ever higher rates ofproduction.

FIGS. 6 to 9 show in detail an exemplary embodiment of such a lockingfinger 20 comprising at least one sleeve made of composite material withlow friction coefficient, preferentially here comprising the threesleeves 40, 44 and 48.

In the exemplary embodiment, the locking finger 20 has an overallcylindrical form.

Likewise, the top sleeve 40, the bottom sleeve 44 and the internalsleeve 48 overall have a cylindrical ring form. The three sleeves 40, 44and 48 that the locking finger 20 comprises are tubular.

Such a locking finger 20 coated with at least one sleeve made ofcomposite material is notably, but not exclusively, capable of beingmounted in a locking device 10 of the type of that described previouslywith reference to FIG. 1 and subsequent figures, which locking device 10is however given purely as a nonlimiting example.

The embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 10 to 13 will now be described.According to the preceding embodiments, the locking finger 20 compriseda main body connected to the control member 12 distinct from the sleevemade of anti-friction material. In the embodiments illustrated in FIGS.10 to 13, the parts of the locking finger 20 produced in ananti-friction composite material comprise both a portion 23 whichcooperates with the locking opening 22 and a portion 19 connected to thecontrol member 12.

Advantageously, said composite material employed is notably a compositematerial with fibers or laminated composite material according to thetwo exemplary embodiments which have just been described.

The locking finger 20 made of anti-friction composite material isnotably, but not exclusively, capable of being mounted in a lockingdevice 10 of the type of that described previously with reference toFIG. 1 and which is given purely as a nonlimiting example.

When the locking finger 20 is made of composite material as in the firstembodiment, the locking finger 20 then advantageously comprises at leastone insert 30 so as to increase the shear strength of the locking finger20.

As illustrated by the cross-sectional views of FIGS. 3 and 5, said atleast one insert 30 is arranged inside the locking finger 20.

In the example illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 5, the locking finger 20 has anoverall cylindrical form and the insert 30 extends along a main axis ofthe finger 20.

The insert 30 is arranged at the center of the locking finger 20 alongsaid main axis and extends here in the vertical direction, that is tosay in the direction of sliding of the locking finger 20 between saidlocked and unlocked positions.

In the exemplary embodiment, the locking finger 20 preferentiallycomprises a single insert 30 in the general form of a pin.

Preferably, the insert 30 is made of metal. Advantageously, the insert30 is made of steel or a steel alloy.

The insert 30 is mounted in an internal housing 32 which is formed inthe locking finger 20. The housing 32 of the insert 30 is a blind holewhich is for example obtained by drilling the locking finger 20.

The insert 30 is for example force-fitted into said housing 32. As avariant, the insert 30 is fixed by gluing inside the housing 32 or byany other equivalent means that makes it possible to block it,immobilize it in position inside the housing 32.

In the exemplary embodiment, the internal housing 32 extends over atleast a part of the locking finger 20.

The insert 30 extends vertically over a part of the locking finger 20corresponding at least to the part of the finger 20 which penetrates inlocked position into the openings 22 and 24 of the branches 16 and 18.

The locking finger 20 comprises an orifice 34 in which is mounted an endof the link arm 28 with the shaft forming the driving means 26. Theorifice 34 is produced in the other part of the locking finger 20 notcomprising said insert 30.

The housing 32 extends vertically, along the main axis of the lockingfinger 20, overall from the bottom one of its ends to the vicinity ofthe other part of the locking finger 20 comprising said orifice 34.

Each link arm 28 is thus secured at one end to said driving means 26 andat the other end to the locking finger 20.

A locking finger 20 made of anti-friction composite material has a muchlower weight than that of a locking finger 20 made of steel.

A locking finger 20 according to the invention therefore makes itpossible to reduce the overall weight of a molding unit 100 equippedwith a locking device 10 comprising such locking fingers 20 made ofcomposite material.

The operation of a molding machine of rotary type comprising suchmolding units 100 is thus also improved by limiting the problemsassociated with inertia and which result from the rotational drivingspeeds of the carousel necessary to achieve ever higher rates ofproduction.

Advantageously, said at least one finger 20 made of composite materialcomprises at least one chamfer.

Preferably and as illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 5, said at least one finger20 made of composite material comprises a chamfer formed at each of itsends, respectively top and bottom, and which extends circumferentiallycontinuously.

Advantageously, the top chamfer facilitates the introduction of the freeend of the locking finger 20 into said openings 22 and 24 upon thelocking of the molding unit 100 by the locking device 10.

Advantageously, the bottom chamfer facilitates the introduction of thefinger 20 into the opening 24 upon unlocking.

1. A locking finger (20) for a molding unit, the molding unit comprisinga container molding cavity delimited at least by a first shell fixedonto a first mold-holder (110) and by a second shell fixed onto a secondmold-holder (111) that can move relative to the first mold-holder (110)between an open position and a closed position, the first mold-holder(110) comprising a member (12) for controlling the locking finger (20)and the second mold-holder (111) comprising a locking opening (22), thelocking finger (20) comprising: an interface (19) for mechanicallycoupling to the control member (12), and a locking portion designed tocooperate with the locking opening (22) in closed position, wherein thelocking portion comprises an anti-friction composite material.
 2. Thefinger (20) as claimed in claim 1, wherein said composite material is acomposite material with fibers in which fibers are embedded in a matrixof plastic material.
 3. The finger (20) as claimed in claim 2, whereinsaid matrix comprises at least one plastic material taken from among agroup comprising polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyetherimide (PEI),and/or in that said fibers are glass fibers or carbon fibers, preferablywith a 30% or 40% fiber filling.
 4. The finger (20) as claimed in claim2, wherein the composite material is a laminated composite materialcomprising at least one fabric impregnated with at least onethermosetting resin, and/or in that the composite material comprises atleast one solid lubricant.
 5. The finger (20) as claimed in claim 2,wherein the locking finger (20) comprises at least one internal recesswhich extends over at least a part of the finger (20) so as to reducethe weight thereof.
 6. The finger (20) as claimed in claim 1, wherein itis a subassembly of several mechanical parts rigidly assembled with oneanother, including: a main body (21) of the finger comprising themechanical coupling interface (19), and said locking portion which is amain sleeve (40) assembled on the main body (21).
 7. The finger (20) asclaimed in claim 6, wherein the main body (21) of the finger (20) ismade of metal, in particular of steel or a steel alloy.
 8. The finger(20) as claimed in claim 6, wherein the main sleeve (40) is disposed ata top end of the locking finger (20), the locking finger (20) comprisingan auxiliary sleeve (44) made of composite material, disposed at abottom end of the locking finger (20).
 9. The finger (20) as claimed inclaim 6, wherein the mechanical coupling interface (19) comprises aninternal sleeve (48) made of composite material, disposed in an orifice(50) of the main body (21) of the locking finger (20).
 10. The finger(20) as claimed in claim 6, wherein at least one of the sleeves takenfrom among: said main sleeve (40), said auxiliary sleeve (44), or saidinternal sleeve (48): has, before assembly with the main body (21), asolid tubular part.
 11. The finger (20) as claimed in claim 1, whereinsaid locking portion and the mechanical coupling interface (19) bothcomprise an anti-friction composite material.
 12. The finger (20) asclaimed in claim 11, wherein the locking portion is a part (23) of ablock made of composite material, which block also comprises thecoupling interface (19).
 13. The finger (20) as claimed in claim 11,wherein it comprises at least one insert (30) mounted in the part (23),notably to increase the shear strength thereof.
 14. A molding unit (100)for blow-forming containers made of thermoplastic material, comprising:a container molding cavity delimited at least by a first shell fixedonto a first mold-holder (110) and by a second shell fixed onto a secondmold-holder (111), which second mold-holder (111) can move relative tothe first mold-holder (110) between an open position and a closedposition, a control member (12) secured to the first mold-holder (110),at least one locking finger (20) as claimed in claim 1, each of the atleast one locking finger (20) being coupled to the control member (12)by its mechanical coupling interface (19), wherein, for each of the atleast one locking finger (20), the second mold-holder (111) comprises alocking opening (22) arranged in closed position to receive the lockingportion of said locking finger (20).
 15. The molding unit (100) asclaimed in claim 14, wherein the control member (12) is arranged toselectively control locking means (14) between at least a lockedposition and an unlocked position, the locking portion cooperating withthe locking opening (22) when the first (110) and second (111)mold-holders are in closed position and the locking means (14) are inlocked position.
 16. The molding unit (100) as claimed in claim 14wherein the first mold-holder (110) comprises, for each locking finger,two guiding openings (24) associated with said locking finger (20),which locking finger (20) can move in translation between an unlockedposition in which the locking finger (20) does not cooperate with thelocking opening (22) and a locked position in which the main sleeve (40)cooperates with the locking opening (22) and with the two associatedguiding openings (24), situated on either side of the locking opening(22).
 17. The molding unit (100) as claimed in claim 16, wherein thelocking finger (20) comprises an auxiliary sleeve (44) disposed at abottom end of a given locking finger (20) cooperates, in unlockedposition, with a guiding opening associated with a guiding fingeradjacent to said guiding finger (20).